1          OPTIONS NONOTES NOSTIMER NOSOURCE NOSYNTAXCHECK;
 70         
 71         /* describemath.sas */
 72         title 'Gender, Ethnicity and Math performance';
 73         title2 'Basic descriptive statistics on the exploratory sample';
 74         
 75         proc format;
 76              value ynfmt  0 = 'No'  1 = 'Yes';
 NOTE: Format YNFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format YNFMT has been output.
 77              value crsfmt   4 = 'No Resp';
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT has been output.
 78              value nfmt
 79                         1 = 'Asian'
 80                         2 = 'Eastern European'
 81                         3 = 'European not Eastern'
 82                         4 = 'Middle-Eastern  and Pakistani'
 83                         5 = 'East Indian'
 84                         6 = 'Other   and DK' ;
 NOTE: Format NFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format NFMT has been output.
 85         
 
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FORMAT used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              245.84k
       OS Memory           32164.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        61  Switch Count  0
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     59
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        0
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           32
       
 
 86         data math;
 87              infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt';
 88              input id course precalc calc gpa calculus english mark lang $ sex $
 89                    nation1 nation2 sample;
 90         
 91         /* Computed Variables: totscore, passed, grade, hsgpa, hscalc, hsengl,
 92                                tongue, ethnic */
 93         
 94              totscore = precalc+calc;
 95              if (50<=mark<=100) then passed=1; else passed=0;
 96              /* Some missing final marks were zero, and 998=SDF and 999=WDR */
 97              if mark=0 then grade=.;
 98                 else if mark > 100 then grade=.;
 99                 else grade=mark;
 100             /* Missing HS marks were zeros */
 101             if 65 le gpa le 100 then hsgpa = gpa; /* Else missing is automatic */
 102             if 0 < calculus < 101 then hscalc = calculus;
 103             if 0 < english < 101 then hsengl = english;
 104             /* There were just a few French speakers */
 105             if lang='French' then tongue='Other  '; else tongue=lang;
 106             label tongue = 'Mother Tongue (Eng or Other)';
 107             /* Rater 1 knows Middle Eastern names -- otherwise believe Rater 2 */
 108             if nation1=4 then ethnic=nation1; else ethnic=nation2;
 109        
 110             /********************************************************************/
 111        
 112             label
 113                   precalc  = 'Number precalculus correct'
 114                   calc  = 'Number calculus correct'
 115                   totscore = 'Total # right on diagnostic test'
 116                   passed = 'Passed the course'
 117                   grade = 'Final mark'
 118                   hsgpa = 'High School GPA'
 119                   hscalc = 'HS Calculus'
 120                   hsengl = 'HS English'
 121                   lang = 'Mother Tongue'
 122                   nation1 = 'Nationality of name acc to rater1'
 123                   nation2 = 'Nationality of name acc to rater2'
 124                   tongue = 'Mother Tongue (Eng or Other)'
 125                   ethnic = 'Judged Nationality of name'        ;
 126        
 127             format course crsfmt.;
 128             format passed ynfmt.;
 129             format nation1 nation2 ethnic nfmt.;
 130        
 131        /*********************************************************************/
 132        
 
 NOTE: The infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt' is:
       Filename=/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt,
       Owner Name=brunner0,Group Name=oda,
       Access Permission=-rw-r--r--,
       Last Modified=26Jan2020:18:49:34,
       File Size (bytes)=44583
 
 NOTE: 579 records were read from the infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt'.
       The minimum record length was 75.
       The maximum record length was 75.
 NOTE: Missing values were generated as a result of performing an operation on missing values.
       Each place is given by: (Number of times) at (Line):(Column).
       99 at 94:24   
 NOTE: The data set WORK.MATH has 579 observations and 21 variables.
 NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):
       real time           0.05 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              789.50k
       OS Memory           32424.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        62  Switch Count  2
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     105
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        18
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           264
       
 
 133        proc means;
 134             title3 'Quantitative Variables';
 135             var precalc calc totscore hsgpa hscalc hsengl grade;
 136        
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATH.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE MEANS used (Total process time):
       real time           0.07 seconds
       user cpu time       0.06 seconds
       system cpu time     0.01 seconds
       memory              8331.21k
       OS Memory           38588.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        63  Switch Count  2
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     1606
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        26
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           8
       
 
 137        proc freq;
 138             title3 'Categorical variables';
 139             tables course sex ethnic tongue passed;
 140        
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATH.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.05 seconds
       user cpu time       0.05 seconds
       system cpu time     0.01 seconds
       memory              1181.65k
       OS Memory           33708.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        64  Switch Count  3
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     132
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        22
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           280
       
 
 141        proc sgplot;
 142             title3 'Bar chart of ethnic background';
 143             vbar ethnic;
 144        
 
 145        proc univariate normal plot;
 NOTE: PROCEDURE SGPLOT used (Total process time):
       real time           0.22 seconds
       user cpu time       0.07 seconds
       system cpu time     0.01 seconds
       memory              13810.28k
       OS Memory           44712.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        65  Switch Count  3
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     3407
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        218
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           784
       
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATH.
 
 146             /* The normal option gives tests of H0: Data are normal.
 147             Plot produces graphics, some of which are informative. */
 148             title3 'Detailed look at grade';
 149             var grade;
 150        
 
 NOTE: PROCEDURE UNIVARIATE used (Total process time):
       real time           0.29 seconds
       user cpu time       0.15 seconds
       system cpu time     0.01 seconds
       memory              3915.93k
       OS Memory           47452.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:04 AM
       Step Count                        66  Switch Count  1
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     764
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        313
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           528
       
 
 151        proc freq;
 152             title3 'Frequency Distribution of Final Grade';
 153             tables grade;
 154        
 155        /* The following suggests that profs in Courses 1 and 3 bumped
 156           the marks discontinuously, while the prof in Course 2 did
 157           something more sophisticated. */
 158        
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATH.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.10 seconds
       user cpu time       0.10 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              1424.62k
       OS Memory           46764.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:05 AM
       Step Count                        67  Switch Count  3
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     193
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        23
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           352
       
 
 159        proc freq;
 160             title3 'Grade separately by course';
 161             where course < 4; /* Exclude no response */
 162             tables grade*course / norow nopercent nopercent;
 163        
 164        quit;
 
 NOTE: There were 570 observations read from the data set WORK.MATH.
       WHERE course<4;
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.32 seconds
       user cpu time       0.33 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              1304.84k
       OS Memory           47280.00k
       Timestamp           01/27/2020 12:12:05 AM
       Step Count                        68  Switch Count  10
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     228
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        47
       Involuntary Context Switches      1
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           648
       
 
 165        
 166        
 167        OPTIONS NONOTES NOSTIMER NOSOURCE NOSYNTAXCHECK;
 178