Cross-Tabular Freq Table
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Results: basicsenic.sas
The FREQ Procedure
The FREQ Procedure
Table region * medschl
Statistics for Table of region by medschl
Chi-Square Tests
| Statistic | DF | Value | Prob |
|---|---|---|---|
| WARNING: 50% of the cells have expected counts less than 5. Chi-Square may not be a valid test. |
|||
| Chi-Square | 3 | 3.6761 | 0.2986 |
| Likelihood Ratio Chi-Square | 3 | 4.0646 | 0.2546 |
| Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square | 1 | 2.0392 | 0.1533 |
| Phi Coefficient | 0.1836 | ||
| Contingency Coefficient | 0.1806 | ||
| Cramer's V | 0.1836 | ||
Effective Sample Size = 109
Frequency Missing = 4
The TTEST Procedure
Prob of acquiring infection in hospital
The TTEST Procedure
Variable: infrisk (Prob of acquiring infection in hospital)
Statistics
| medschl | N | Mean | Std Dev | Std Err | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 89 | 4.2438 | 1.3434 | 0.1424 | 1.3000 | 7.8000 |
| Y | 15 | 5.1200 | 1.1245 | 0.2904 | 2.9000 | 7.7000 |
| Diff (1-2) | -0.8762 | 1.3155 | 0.3672 |
Confidence Limits
| medschl | Method | Mean | 95% CL Mean | Std Dev | 95% CL Std Dev | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 4.2438 | 3.9608 | 4.5268 | 1.3434 | 1.1709 | 1.5760 | |
| Y | 5.1200 | 4.4973 | 5.7427 | 1.1245 | 0.8233 | 1.7735 | |
| Diff (1-2) | Pooled | -0.8762 | -1.6045 | -0.1479 | 1.3155 | 1.1571 | 1.5246 |
| Diff (1-2) | Satterthwaite | -0.8762 | -1.5480 | -0.2043 | |||
T-Tests
| Method | Variances | DF | t Value | Pr > |t| |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled | Equal | 102 | -2.39 | 0.0189 |
| Satterthwaite | Unequal | 21.348 | -2.71 | 0.0130 |
Equality of Variances
| Equality of Variances | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | Num DF | Den DF | F Value | Pr > F |
| Folded F | 88 | 14 | 1.43 | 0.4640 |
Summary Panel
Q-Q Plots
Average patient age
Variable: age (Average patient age)
Statistics
| medschl | N | Mean | Std Dev | Std Err | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 93 | 53.5129 | 4.6837 | 0.4857 | 38.8000 | 65.9000 |
| Y | 16 | 51.7688 | 3.2798 | 0.8199 | 44.2000 | 56.8000 |
| Diff (1-2) | 1.7442 | 4.5133 | 1.2215 |
Confidence Limits
| medschl | Method | Mean | 95% CL Mean | Std Dev | 95% CL Std Dev | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 53.5129 | 52.5483 | 54.4775 | 4.6837 | 4.0938 | 5.4739 | |
| Y | 51.7688 | 50.0211 | 53.5164 | 3.2798 | 2.4228 | 5.0761 | |
| Diff (1-2) | Pooled | 1.7442 | -0.6774 | 4.1657 | 4.5133 | 3.9812 | 5.2110 |
| Diff (1-2) | Satterthwaite | 1.7442 | -0.2118 | 3.7001 | |||
T-Tests
| Method | Variances | DF | t Value | Pr > |t| |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled | Equal | 107 | 1.43 | 0.1563 |
| Satterthwaite | Unequal | 26.834 | 1.83 | 0.0784 |
Equality of Variances
| Equality of Variances | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | Num DF | Den DF | F Value | Pr > F |
| Folded F | 92 | 15 | 2.04 | 0.1200 |
Summary Panel
Q-Q Plots
The GLM Procedure
The GLM Procedure
Data
Class Levels
| Class Level Information | ||
|---|---|---|
| Class | Levels | Values |
| region | 4 | North Central Northeast South West |
Number of Observations
| Number of Observations Read | 113 |
|---|---|
| Number of Observations Used | 108 |
The GLM Procedure
Dependent Variable: infrisk Prob of acquiring infection in hospital
Analysis of Variance
infrisk
Overall ANOVA
| Source | DF | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | 3 | 15.7658812 | 5.2552937 | 3.09 | 0.0304 |
| Error | 104 | 177.0170818 | 1.7020873 | ||
| Corrected Total | 107 | 192.7829630 |
Fit Statistics
| R-Square | Coeff Var | Root MSE | infrisk Mean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.081780 | 29.77625 | 1.304641 | 4.381481 |
Type I Model ANOVA
| Source | DF | Type I SS | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| region | 3 | 15.76588117 | 5.25529372 | 3.09 | 0.0304 |
Type III Model ANOVA
| Source | DF | Type III SS | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| region | 3 | 15.76588117 | 5.25529372 | 3.09 | 0.0304 |
Box Plot
The GLM Procedure
Means
region
infrisk
Distribution of infrisk by region
Means
| Level of region |
N | infrisk | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std Dev | ||
| North Central | 31 | 4.40967742 | 1.35014933 |
| Northeast | 27 | 4.93703704 | 1.25702584 |
| South | 34 | 3.91470588 | 1.45354996 |
| West | 16 | 4.38125000 | 0.87652248 |
The GLM Procedure
Means
region
infrisk
Distribution of infrisk by region
Pairwise Multiple Comparisons
Tukey
The GLM Procedure
Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD) Test for infrisk
This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate.
Information
| Alpha | 0.05 |
|---|---|
| Error Degrees of Freedom | 104 |
| Error Mean Square | 1.702087 |
| Critical Value of Studentized Range | 3.69260 |
Pairs
| Comparisons significant at the 0.05 level are indicated by ***. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| region Comparison |
Difference Between Means |
Simultaneous 95% Confidence Limits | ||
| Northeast - North Central | 0.5274 | -0.3694 | 1.4241 | |
| Northeast - West | 0.5558 | -0.5189 | 1.6305 | |
| Northeast - South | 1.0223 | 0.1442 | 1.9004 | *** |
| North Central - Northeast | -0.5274 | -1.4241 | 0.3694 | |
| North Central - West | 0.0284 | -1.0202 | 1.0770 | |
| North Central - South | 0.4950 | -0.3510 | 1.3409 | |
| West - Northeast | -0.5558 | -1.6305 | 0.5189 | |
| West - North Central | -0.0284 | -1.0770 | 1.0202 | |
| West - South | 0.4665 | -0.5662 | 1.4993 | |
| South - Northeast | -1.0223 | -1.9004 | -0.1442 | *** |
| South - North Central | -0.4950 | -1.3409 | 0.3510 | |
| South - West | -0.4665 | -1.4993 | 0.5662 | |
Bonferroni
The GLM Procedure
Bonferroni (Dunn) t Tests for infrisk
This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than Tukey's for all pairwise comparisons.
Information
| Alpha | 0.05 |
|---|---|
| Error Degrees of Freedom | 104 |
| Error Mean Square | 1.702087 |
| Critical Value of t | 2.68966 |
Pairs
| Comparisons significant at the 0.05 level are indicated by ***. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| region Comparison |
Difference Between Means |
Simultaneous 95% Confidence Limits | ||
| Northeast - North Central | 0.5274 | -0.3964 | 1.4511 | |
| Northeast - West | 0.5558 | -0.5513 | 1.6629 | |
| Northeast - South | 1.0223 | 0.1178 | 1.9269 | *** |
| North Central - Northeast | -0.5274 | -1.4511 | 0.3964 | |
| North Central - West | 0.0284 | -1.0518 | 1.1086 | |
| North Central - South | 0.4950 | -0.3764 | 1.3664 | |
| West - Northeast | -0.5558 | -1.6629 | 0.5513 | |
| West - North Central | -0.0284 | -1.1086 | 1.0518 | |
| West - South | 0.4665 | -0.5973 | 1.5304 | |
| South - Northeast | -1.0223 | -1.9269 | -0.1178 | *** |
| South - North Central | -0.4950 | -1.3664 | 0.3764 | |
| South - West | -0.4665 | -1.5304 | 0.5973 | |
Scheffe
The GLM Procedure
Scheffe's Test for infrisk
This test controls the Type I experimentwise error rate, but it generally has a higher Type II error rate than Tukey's for all pairwise comparisons.
Information
| Alpha | 0.05 |
|---|---|
| Error Degrees of Freedom | 104 |
| Error Mean Square | 1.702087 |
| Critical Value of F | 2.69198 |
Pairs
| Comparisons significant at the 0.05 level are indicated by ***. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| region Comparison |
Difference Between Means |
Simultaneous 95% Confidence Limits | ||
| Northeast - North Central | 0.5274 | -0.4486 | 1.5033 | |
| Northeast - West | 0.5558 | -0.6139 | 1.7255 | |
| Northeast - South | 1.0223 | 0.0666 | 1.9781 | *** |
| North Central - Northeast | -0.5274 | -1.5033 | 0.4486 | |
| North Central - West | 0.0284 | -1.1129 | 1.1697 | |
| North Central - South | 0.4950 | -0.4257 | 1.4157 | |
| West - Northeast | -0.5558 | -1.7255 | 0.6139 | |
| West - North Central | -0.0284 | -1.1697 | 1.1129 | |
| West - South | 0.4665 | -0.6575 | 1.5906 | |
| South - Northeast | -1.0223 | -1.9781 | -0.0666 | *** |
| South - North Central | -0.4950 | -1.4157 | 0.4257 | |
| South - West | -0.4665 | -1.5906 | 0.6575 | |
The PLOT Procedure
Plot of infrisk*nurses
Plot of infrisk*nurses. Legend: A = 1 obs, B = 2 obs, etc.
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8 +
P | A
r | A A
o |
b |
|
o 7 +
f |
| A
a | A
c | A A A
q | A A
u 6 +
i | A A
r | B A A A
i | A A A A
n | A A A A A
g | A A A A
5 + A A AA
i | AA A A A A A
n | A A A A A
f | AA A A A A A
e | A A AA A AA B A A A
c | A A A A A A A A
t 4 + A
i | A A A A
o | A A A A
n | A A
| A A
i | A A
n 3 + A
| A A AA
h | AB
o | A
s | A
p | A
i 2 + B
t | A
a | A A
l |
| AB
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1 +
|
---+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+--
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Aver # nurses during study period
NOTE: 6 obs had missing values.
Plot of infrisk*nurses
Plot of infrisk*nurses. Symbol is value of medschl.
|
|
8 +
P | N
r | N Y
o |
b |
|
o 7 +
f |
| N
a | N
c | N N
q | N Y
u 6 +
i | N Y
r | N N Y Y
i | N N N N
n | N N N N Y
g | N N N
5 + N Y NN
i | NN N N Y N Y
n | N N N N Y
f | NN N Y N N N
e | N NN N NN N N N N
c | N N N N N N N N
t 4 + Y
i | N N N Y
o | N N N N
n | N N
| N N
i | N N
n 3 + N
| N N Y
h | NN
o | N
s | N
p | N
i 2 + N
t | N
a | N N
l |
| NN
|
1 +
|
---+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+---------------+--
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Aver # nurses during study period
NOTE: 6 obs had missing values. 5 obs hidden.
The CORR Procedure
The CORR Procedure
Variables Information
| 9 Variables: | stay age infrisk culratio xratio nbeds census nurses service |
|---|
Simple Statistics
| Simple Statistics | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | N | Mean | Std Dev | Sum | Minimum | Maximum | Label |
| stay | 113 | 9.64832 | 1.91146 | 1090 | 6.70000 | 19.56000 | Av length of hospital stay, in days |
| age | 113 | 53.23186 | 4.46161 | 6015 | 38.80000 | 65.90000 | Average patient age |
| infrisk | 108 | 4.38148 | 1.34228 | 473.20000 | 1.30000 | 7.80000 | Prob of acquiring infection in hospital |
| culratio | 113 | 15.68407 | 10.18304 | 1772 | 1.60000 | 60.50000 | # cultures / # no hosp acq infect |
| xratio | 113 | 81.63009 | 19.36674 | 9224 | 39.60000 | 133.50000 | # x-rays / # no signs of pneumonia |
| nbeds | 113 | 252.17699 | 192.84516 | 28496 | 29.00000 | 835.00000 | Average # beds during study period |
| census | 109 | 191.36697 | 153.56086 | 20859 | 20.00000 | 791.00000 | Aver # patients in hospital per day |
| nurses | 112 | 170.60714 | 137.02018 | 19108 | 14.00000 | 656.00000 | Aver # nurses during study period |
| service | 113 | 43.15487 | 15.20019 | 4877 | 5.70000 | 80.00000 | % of 35 potential facil. & services |
Pearson Correlations
| Pearson Correlation Coefficients Prob > |r| under H0: Rho=0 Number of Observations |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stay | age | infrisk | culratio | xratio | nbeds | census | nurses | service | |
|
stay
Av length of hospital stay, in days
|
1.00000
113
|
0.18891
0.0451
113
|
0.54247
<.0001
108
|
0.33354
0.0003
113
|
0.38236
<.0001
113
|
0.40924
<.0001
113
|
0.46643
<.0001
109
|
0.32739
0.0004
112
|
0.35572
0.0001
113
|
|
age
Average patient age
|
0.18891
0.0451
113
|
1.00000
113
|
0.00327
0.9732
108
|
-0.23593
0.0119
113
|
-0.01893
0.8423
113
|
-0.05884
0.5359
113
|
-0.04964
0.6082
109
|
-0.08718
0.3607
112
|
-0.04064
0.6691
113
|
|
infrisk
Prob of acquiring infection in hospital
|
0.54247
<.0001
108
|
0.00327
0.9732
108
|
1.00000
108
|
0.57558
<.0001
108
|
0.45082
<.0001
108
|
0.32831
0.0005
108
|
0.34391
0.0003
106
|
0.35659
0.0002
107
|
0.39089
<.0001
108
|
|
culratio
# cultures / # no hosp acq infect
|
0.33354
0.0003
113
|
-0.23593
0.0119
113
|
0.57558
<.0001
108
|
1.00000
113
|
0.42707
<.0001
113
|
0.14879
0.1158
113
|
0.16192
0.0926
109
|
0.22481
0.0172
112
|
0.18239
0.0532
113
|
|
xratio
# x-rays / # no signs of pneumonia
|
0.38236
<.0001
113
|
-0.01893
0.8423
113
|
0.45082
<.0001
108
|
0.42707
<.0001
113
|
1.00000
113
|
0.04597
0.6288
113
|
0.02479
0.7981
109
|
0.04426
0.6431
112
|
0.11199
0.2376
113
|
|
nbeds
Average # beds during study period
|
0.40924
<.0001
113
|
-0.05884
0.5359
113
|
0.32831
0.0005
108
|
0.14879
0.1158
113
|
0.04597
0.6288
113
|
1.00000
113
|
0.98029
<.0001
109
|
0.91371
<.0001
112
|
0.79481
<.0001
113
|
|
census
Aver # patients in hospital per day
|
0.46643
<.0001
109
|
-0.04964
0.6082
109
|
0.34391
0.0003
106
|
0.16192
0.0926
109
|
0.02479
0.7981
109
|
0.98029
<.0001
109
|
1.00000
109
|
0.90468
<.0001
109
|
0.77258
<.0001
109
|
|
nurses
Aver # nurses during study period
|
0.32739
0.0004
112
|
-0.08718
0.3607
112
|
0.35659
0.0002
107
|
0.22481
0.0172
112
|
0.04426
0.6431
112
|
0.91371
<.0001
112
|
0.90468
<.0001
109
|
1.00000
112
|
0.78076
<.0001
112
|
|
service
% of 35 potential facil. & services
|
0.35572
0.0001
113
|
-0.04064
0.6691
113
|
0.39089
<.0001
108
|
0.18239
0.0532
113
|
0.11199
0.2376
113
|
0.79481
<.0001
113
|
0.77258
<.0001
109
|
0.78076
<.0001
112
|
1.00000
113
|
The GLM Procedure
The GLM Procedure
Data
Number of Observations
| Number of Observations Read | 113 |
|---|---|
| Number of Observations Used | 107 |
The GLM Procedure
Dependent Variable: infrisk Prob of acquiring infection in hospital
Analysis of Variance
infrisk
Overall ANOVA
| Source | DF | Sum of Squares | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | 1 | 24.2910097 | 24.2910097 | 15.30 | 0.0002 |
| Error | 105 | 166.7372146 | 1.5879735 | ||
| Corrected Total | 106 | 191.0282243 |
Fit Statistics
| R-Square | Coeff Var | Root MSE | infrisk Mean |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.127159 | 28.84189 | 1.260148 | 4.369159 |
Type I Model ANOVA
| Source | DF | Type I SS | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nurses | 1 | 24.29100969 | 24.29100969 | 15.30 | 0.0002 |
Type III Model ANOVA
| Source | DF | Type III SS | Mean Square | F Value | Pr > F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nurses | 1 | 24.29100969 | 24.29100969 | 15.30 | 0.0002 |
Solution
| Parameter | Estimate | Standard Error |
t Value | Pr > |t| |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 3.765525344 | 0.19662405 | 19.15 | <.0001 |
| nurses | 0.003503216 | 0.00089571 | 3.91 | 0.0002 |
Fit Plot
