1          OPTIONS NONOTES NOSTIMER NOSOURCE NOSYNTAXCHECK;
 70         
 71         /* multilogit.sas */
 72         title2 'Multinomial Logit Model';
 73         %include '/home/brunner0/441s20/mathread2.sas';
 NOTE: Format YNFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format YNFMT has been output.
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT has been output.
 NOTE: Format NFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format NFMT has been output.
 
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FORMAT used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              244.34k
       OS Memory           30116.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        120  Switch Count  0
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     25
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        0
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           32
       
 
 194        /* mathread2.sas creates missused (any of hsgpa hscalc precalc missing)
 195           and outcome (Pass-Fail-Gone)*/
 196        
 
 NOTE: The infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt' is:
       Filename=/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt,
       Owner Name=brunner0,Group Name=oda,
       Access Permission=-rw-r--r--,
       Last Modified=26Jan2020:19:49:34,
       File Size (bytes)=44583
 
 NOTE: 579 records were read from the infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/exploremath.data.txt'.
       The minimum record length was 75.
       The maximum record length was 75.
 NOTE: Missing values were generated as a result of performing an operation on missing values.
       Each place is given by: (Number of times) at (Line):(Column).
       99 at 110:24    99 at 111:18    142 at 181:14   204 at 181:21   
 NOTE: The data set WORK.MATHEX has 579 observations and 36 variables.
 NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):
       real time           0.01 seconds
       user cpu time       0.01 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              906.62k
       OS Memory           30632.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        121  Switch Count  2
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     104
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        17
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           520
       
 
 197        proc freq data=mathex;
 198             title3 'Outcome by passed just to check';
 199             tables outcome*passed
 200                    / norow nocol nopercent missing;
 201        run;
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.03 seconds
       user cpu time       0.03 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              3273.40k
       OS Memory           31408.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        122  Switch Count  5
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     325
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        27
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           536
       
 
 202        
 203        proc freq data=mathex;
 204             title3 'Missused by Outcome with proc freq';
 205             tables missused * outcome / nocol nopercent chisq;
 206        run;
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.03 seconds
       user cpu time       0.04 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              1540.43k
       OS Memory           31664.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        123  Switch Count  5
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     225
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        35
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           528
       
 
 207        
 208        /* Probabilities
 209             pi1 = P(Gone)
 210             pi2 = P(Pass)
 211             pi3 = P(Fail)
 212        
 213           Multinomial Logit model for missused by outcome is
 214        
 215             ln(pi1/pi3) = beta01 + beta11 x             Gone vs. Fail
 216             ln(pi2/pi3) = beta02 + beta12 x             Pass vs. Fail
 217        */
 218        
 219        
 220        proc logistic data=mathex outest=ParmNames;
 221             title3 'Misssused by Outcome with proc logistic';
 222             model outcome (ref='Fail') = missused / link = glogit;
 223             contrast 'Hsgpa, hscalc or precalc missing' missused 1;
 224        run;
 
 NOTE: PROC LOGISTIC is fitting the generalized logit model. The logits modeled contrast each response category against the 
       reference category (outcome='Fail').
 NOTE: Convergence criterion (GCONV=1E-8) satisfied.
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: The data set WORK.PARMNAMES has 1 observations and 10 variables.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE LOGISTIC used (Total process time):
       real time           0.08 seconds
       user cpu time       0.08 seconds
       system cpu time     0.01 seconds
       memory              2805.40k
       OS Memory           32956.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        124  Switch Count  3
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     403
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        23
       Involuntary Context Switches      1
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           336
       
 
 225        
 226        
 227        proc transpose data=ParmNames;
 228        run;
 
 NOTE: There were 1 observations read from the data set WORK.PARMNAMES.
 NOTE: The data set WORK.DATA2 has 5 observations and 3 variables.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE TRANSPOSE used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              2717.25k
       OS Memory           33968.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        125  Switch Count  4
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     221
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        26
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           528
       
 
 229        proc print;
 230        run;
 
 NOTE: There were 5 observations read from the data set WORK.DATA2.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE PRINT used (Total process time):
       real time           0.01 seconds
       user cpu time       0.01 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              606.00k
       OS Memory           31912.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        126  Switch Count  0
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     61
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        1
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           8
       
 
 231        
 232        proc logistic data = mathex;
 233             title3 'Contrast versus test';
 234             model outcome (ref='Fail') = missused / link = glogit;
 235             contrast 'Missused method 1' missused 1;
 236             MissusedMethod2: test missused_Pass = missused_Gone = 0;
 237        run;
 
 NOTE: PROC LOGISTIC is fitting the generalized logit model. The logits modeled contrast each response category against the 
       reference category (outcome='Fail').
 NOTE: Convergence criterion (GCONV=1E-8) satisfied.
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE LOGISTIC used (Total process time):
       real time           0.08 seconds
       user cpu time       0.09 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              2357.87k
       OS Memory           32952.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        127  Switch Count  1
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     194
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        10
       Involuntary Context Switches      1
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           56
       
 
 238        
 239        proc iml;
 NOTE: IML Ready
 240             title3 'Estimate Probabilities using output from proc logistic';
 241              b01 = 0.3878;
 241      !                     b11 = 0.7209;
 241      !                                     /* Gone */
 242              b02 = 1.4123;
 242      !                     b12 = -0.6461;
 242      !                                     /* Pass */
 243              missused = 0;
 244              L1 = b01 + b11*missused;
 245              L2 = b02 + b12*missused;
 246              denom = 1 + exp(L1) + exp(L2);
 247              Gone = exp(L1)/denom;
 247      !                             Pass = exp(L2)/denom;
 247      !                                                   Fail = 1/denom;
 248              print "Not missing:" Fail Gone Pass;
 249              missused = 1;
 250              L1 = b01 + b11*missused;
 251              L2 = b02 + b12*missused;
 252              denom = 1 + exp(L1) + exp(L2);
 253              Gone = exp(L1)/denom;
 253      !                             Pass = exp(L2)/denom;
 253      !                                                   Fail = 1/denom;
 254              print "Yes Missing:" Fail Gone Pass;
 255        run;
 NOTE: Module MAIN is undefined in IML; cannot be RUN.
 256        
 NOTE: Exiting IML.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE IML used (Total process time):
       real time           0.01 seconds
       user cpu time       0.02 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              542.71k
       OS Memory           31652.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        128  Switch Count  1
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     133
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        10
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           8
       
 
 257        proc freq  data = mathex;
 258             title3 'Missused by outcome again for comparison';
 259             tables missused * outcome / nocol nopercent;
 260        run;
 
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FREQ used (Total process time):
       real time           0.02 seconds
       user cpu time       0.03 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              1299.65k
       OS Memory           32432.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:35 AM
       Step Count                        129  Switch Count  5
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     186
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        34
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           544
       
 
 261        
 262        /* Lots of exploration is not shown here. */
 263        
 264        proc logistic data = mathex;
 265             title3 'hsgpa hscalc precalc mtongue';
 266             model outcome (ref='Fail') =
 267                           hsgpa hscalc precalc mtongue / link = glogit;
 268        run;
 
 NOTE: PROC LOGISTIC is fitting the generalized logit model. The logits modeled contrast each response category against the 
       reference category (outcome='Fail').
 NOTE: Convergence criterion (GCONV=1E-8) satisfied.
 NOTE: There were 579 observations read from the data set WORK.MATHEX.
 NOTE: PROCEDURE LOGISTIC used (Total process time):
       real time           0.09 seconds
       user cpu time       0.09 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              2424.06k
       OS Memory           32952.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:36 AM
       Step Count                        130  Switch Count  1
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     209
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        10
       Involuntary Context Switches      1
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           64
       
 
 269        
 270        /* Allowing for academic background, students whose first language is English
 271        are less likely to disappear as opposed to failing the course, and less likely to
 272        Pass as opposed to failing. If this is replicated, it will be very
 273        interesting. Explore further.
 274        
 275        /************************** Replication ***********************
 276        For interpretation, want to replicate 8 findings:
 277        Gone vs. Fail and Pass vs. Fail for each explanatory variable.
 278        ***************************************************************/
 279        %include '/home/brunner0/441s20/readreplic.sas';
 NOTE: Format YNFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format YNFMT has been output.
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format CRSFMT has been output.
 NOTE: Format NFMT is already on the library WORK.FORMATS.
 NOTE: Format NFMT has been output.
 
 NOTE: PROCEDURE FORMAT used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              246.25k
       OS Memory           31652.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:36 AM
       Step Count                        131  Switch Count  0
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     14
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        0
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           0
       
 
 392        if (0<=mark<=49) then outcome = 'Fail';
 393           else if (50<=mark<=100) then outcome = 'Pass';
 394           else outcome = 'Gone';
 395        
 
 NOTE: The infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/replicmath.data.txt' is:
       Filename=/home/brunner0/441s20/replicmath.data.txt,
       Owner Name=brunner0,Group Name=oda,
       Access Permission=-rw-r--r--,
       Last Modified=26Jan2020:19:49:13,
       File Size (bytes)=38214
 
 NOTE: 579 records were read from the infile '/home/brunner0/441s20/replicmath.data.txt'.
       The minimum record length was 64.
       The maximum record length was 64.
 NOTE: Missing values were generated as a result of performing an operation on missing values.
       Each place is given by: (Number of times) at (Line):(Column).
       81 at 307:24   81 at 343:18   
 NOTE: The data set WORK.REPLIC has 579 observations and 35 variables.
 NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.00 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              902.46k
       OS Memory           31912.00k
       Timestamp           03/21/2020 01:26:36 AM
       Step Count                        132  Switch Count  2
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     83
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        20
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           520
       
 
 396        proc logistic data = replic;
 397             title2 'Replicate hsgpa hscalc precalc mtongue 0.05/8 = .00625';
 398             model outcome (ref='Fail') = hsgpa hscalc precalc mtongue / link = glogit;
 399        
 400        
 401        OPTIONS NONOTES NOSTIMER NOSOURCE NOSYNTAXCHECK;
 412